{"id":1265,"date":"2020-03-03T01:29:45","date_gmt":"2020-03-02T22:29:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nesrosuryoyo.com\/wp\/?p=1265"},"modified":"2022-08-23T22:18:14","modified_gmt":"2022-08-23T19:18:14","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ac%d9%85%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a2%d8%b4%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%af%d8%af-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%81%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nesrosuryoyo.com\/wp\/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ac%d9%85%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a2%d8%b4%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%af%d8%af-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%81%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062c2"},"content":{"rendered":"

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[35] \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1981\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0643 \u0625\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0632\u0643\u0627 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0628\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0648 (Antioquia d Ortodoxoyto Suryoyto ‘Idto\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 (leshono Suryoyo\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0647\u0645 (\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648 Suryoyo\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0647 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u06291981\u0645\u060c \u0635386-389\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a 14 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1997\u0645.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0(\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648: \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0643 \u0632\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 1997\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0651\u064e\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a 12 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1979\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 1997\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062b\u0627\u0648\u0633 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064f\u0631\u0621\u064e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f 14 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1979\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064e\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0635\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[36] \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[37] \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1970\u0645 \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[38] \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0643\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 11 \u0635625\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0643\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0631\u0651\u064f \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643. (\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648: \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0643\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0628\u0651\u0650\u0647 \u0644\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628\u064e \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u062d\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[39] \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 J.G. Kidd, Posidonius\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0633\u060c (Cambridge Classical Texts and Commentaries\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062c 1988\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062c 2\u060c \u062c 2\u060c \u0635955-956. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c (Syrian Christians\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0644\u0631 (Syrians or Arameans\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u063a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646 (\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a) \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b Sebastian P Brock\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643 (Eusebius and Syriac Christianity\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644\u062f \u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u062f\u0646\u060c 1992\u0645\u060c \u0635226. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0643\u0647 “Assyrios\u060c Syrios\u060c Syros”\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06331871\u0645\u060c \u0635461\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0633\u060c \u0635103-105.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[40] Benjamin Mazar\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 (Aramean empire and its relations with Israel\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644)\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 25 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1962\u0645\u060c 101-102\u060c 112-117. \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 Wayne T. Pitard\u060c (Ancient Damascus: A Historical Study of the Syrian City-State\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629)\u060c Winona Lake, Indiana 1987\u0645.\u00a0Abraham Malamat\u060c\u00a0(The Arameans in Aram Naharaim and the Rise of Their States\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 1952\u0645. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u00a0Emil Kraeling\u060c\u00a0(Aram and Israel or, Arameans in Syria and Mesopotamia\u060c \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 13.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[41] Glenn M Schwartz\u060c \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 (The origins of the Arameans in Syria and northern Mesopotamia\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064bMauritis \u060c\u00a0N. von Loon, ed.\u00a0O.M.C. Haex,\u00a0et al\u060c \u0631\u0648\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0645 1989\u0645\u060c \u0635277-279. \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 H.W.F. Saggs\u060c\u00a0\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0627\u063a\u0632\u060c (The Might That Was Assyria \u0639\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631)\u060c \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 1984\u0645\u060c \u063567. (\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648: \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c\u00a0\u063593-94).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[42] \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u060c Toynbee\u060c\u00a01954\u0645\u060c \u062c8 \u0635440-441\u060c 1961\u0645\u060c \u062c12\u0635393. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a Frye\u00a0Richard\u060c (Heritageof Persia\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633)\u060c Mentor Book edition\u060c 1966\u0645\u060c \u063580-81\u060c (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a) \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a). \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0[43] \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 Hayim Tadmor\u060c \u0641\u0635\u0644 (The Aramaization of Assyria, Aspects of Western Impact\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0631\u0651\u064f\u0645 \u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u00a0\u0641\u064a Mesopotamien und Seine Nachbarn Western\u060c\u00a0\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627)\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a\u0646\u00a0Nissen\u060c Renger\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646 1987\u0645\u060c \u062c2 \u0635459\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0627\u063a\u0632 \u0635125. (\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648: \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b: \u062d\u0627\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 1923-2005\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u0623\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0645\u062a). \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[44]\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0635 27-29.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[45] \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631Joseph Naveh \u00a0Jonas\u00a0C.\u00a0Greenfield,\u060c\u00a0\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0644\u062f (Hebrew and Aramaic in the Persian Period\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629)\u060c 1984\u0645\u060c \u062c1 \u0635126-127. \u0648.\u00a0Richard C\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b Steiner’s\u00a0\u0634\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u00a0Demotic\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0634\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u00a0(Assyrian in\u00a0Why the Aramaic script was called\u00a0Hebrew, Greek,\u00a0and Demotic\u060c\u00a0\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u064f\u0645\u0651\u0650\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u0648Demotic\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f)\u060c\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 62\u060c 1993\u0645\u060c \u063580-82.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b:\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u00a0\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b: \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0623\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c Themistokles (524-459 \u0642.\u0645.) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0642\u0645 21\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 (Sebastian Broc & David Taylor, Thehidden pearl, The acicnt Aramaic heritage. \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0624\u0644\u0624\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c1\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 2001\u0645\u060c \u0635122)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0648\u062a\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647 (\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u060c \u0643 4\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 80-81\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0635294. \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a (431-354 \u0642.\u0645.) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d (Linguagem syriaca\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c Caracteres Syrios\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 (Cyropedia) \u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c 1854\u0645\u060c \u0635352\u060c 365\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064b).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[46] \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u063a\u0632\u060c \u0639\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u060c \u063589\u060c 95\u060c 99. \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u063580.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[47] \u062a\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u060c 1954\u0645\u060c \u062c8 \u0635440-442. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 (Greenfield\u060cAramaic in the Achaemenian\u00a0Empire \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062c\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062c2 \u0635709.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[48] \u0633\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633. \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[49] \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b Roux\u00a0\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c 1992\u0645\u060c \u0635276\u060c 411-412.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[50] \u062a\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062c12\u060c 1961\u0645\u060c \u06352420243\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0645\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646) \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 1949\u0645\u060c \u063598-102. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 Joseph A.\u00a0Fitzmyer\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0631\u060c (A Wandering Aramean\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a)\u060c Ann Arbor\u00a01979\u0645\u060c \u063571\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[51] \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 Raymond A Bowman\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u00a0(Arameans,\u00a0Aramaic and the Bible\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633)\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649\u060c 7 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1948\u0645\u060c \u063584-87. \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u063557-84\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 (Aramaic Studies the Past Thirty Years\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649\u060c 37 \u060c1978\u0645\u060c \u063581-91. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u062e\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 Murre-van\u00a0\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u06353.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[52] \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u060c \u063550.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[53] \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631Stephen A. Kaufman \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 (The Akkadian Influences on Aramaic\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629) \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627\u063a\u0648 (Assyriological Studies \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629)\u060c 19\u060c 1974\u0645\u060c \u0635160\u060c 164-165\u060c 165n\u060c 105\u060c\u00a0\u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c\u00a0Maarav\u060c (Reflections on the Assyrian-Aramaic\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629) \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 3\/2\u060c 1982\u0645\u060c 152.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[54] \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 Zomaya S. Solomon \u0633\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u060c (The State of Spoken Aramaic Today\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 1968\u0645\u060c \u063523-30. \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u062c3 \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0631\u0627\u064b\/ \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062c2 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062c1 (\u0648\u0646\u064f\u0630\u0651\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634) \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 (Suraye \/ \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \/ Suryani)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u00a0(Armeans) \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c Suraye\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0627\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064e\u0627\u064a\u064e\u0627) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":537,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[57,51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1265","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-researcher-and-writer-mowaffak-nesco","category-history-and-civilization"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nesrosuryoyo.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1265","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nesrosuryoyo.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nesrosuryoyo.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nesrosuryoyo.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nesrosuryoyo.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1265"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/nesrosuryoyo.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1265\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1267,"href":"https:\/\/nesrosuryoyo.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1265\/revisions\/1267"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nesrosuryoyo.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/537"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nesrosuryoyo.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1265"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nesrosuryoyo.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1265"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nesrosuryoyo.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1265"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}